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Ischemic stroke is an acute and serious cerebrovascular accident.Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by progressive degeneration of neu-rons in the central nervous system(CNS),resulting in severe disability and death.Myelin is essential for the health and function of neuronal axons.Oligodendrocytes,the myelinating cells of CNS,are vulnerable to ischemia and neurodegenerative disorders.G protein-coupled receptor 17(GPR17)is a dual receptor activated by uracil nucleotides/cysteinyl leukotrienes(CysLTs).Abnormal GPR17 activation contributes to oligodendrocyte dysfunc-tion and axonal damage.Gelosa et al.reported that CysLT1 receptor antagonist montelukast increased the recruitment and proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)at the acute phase after ischemic stroke.Similarly,a study showed that montelukast stimulated neural progenitor proliferation and hippocampal neuro-genesis of aged rats through inhibition of GPR17.These results were supported by several studies on neurode-generative diseases.The authors showed that pharmaco-logical blockade of GPR17 with CysLT1 or CysLT2 recep-tor antagonists(montelukast or HAMI3379)improved oli-godendrocyte function and fiber connectivity,highlighting GPR17 as a potential therapeutic target in oligodendro-cyte protection and remyelination.Recently,growing evi-dence has revealed a significant interaction between mi-croglia and oligodendrocytes in CNS injury and disease.It was reported that M2 microglia promoted,while M1 microglia inhibited oligodendrogenesis,OPCs maturation and remyelination.Microglia-mediated neuroinflamma-tion,considered as an important pathological event,neg-atively affected OPCs fate and function in experimental neurological disorders.This was further corroborated by later studies.It was recently reported that montelukast enhanced OPCs differentiation and maturation by upreg-ulating the number of M2 microglia at chronic phase of brain ischemia.In line with the above results,inhibition of microglial inflammation by montelukast was shown to be responsible for neurite outgrowth.Although the exact mechanisms were not fully clarified,these results indi-cate that montelukast may indirectly promote OPCs dif-ferentiation and remyelination by a microglia-dependent manner.It has been widely accepted that CysLT1,CysLT2 and GPR17 receptors are localized in various cell types and their expression are upregulated after brain damage.Therefore,it is likely that CysLT receptor antagonists confer neuroprotection by targeting different receptors and multiple cell functions.Many studies have reported that CysLT receptor antagonists promote protec-tion of oligodendrocytes by inhibiting GPR17.Moreover,they may improve OPCs differentiation and neuronal sur-vival by regulating CysLTs-mediated microglial activation.Altogether,these data open novel perspectives in the treatment of cerebral ischemia and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Objective:To study the prevalence and distribution of adult thyroid diseases in urban and rural areas of Hebei Province.Methods:A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select Renqiu City and Licun Town, Luquan City of Hebei Province as the urban and rural survey sites, respectively. Questionnaire survey, physical examination and thyroid B ultrasound examination were conducted on local permanent residents (≥ 5 years of residencies) over 18 years old. The fasting venous blood sample was collected to determine the serum thyroid function indicaters.Results:A total of 2 650 adults were surveyed, including 1 393 urban residents and 1 257 rural residents (1 357 males and 1 293 females). A total of 435 patients with thyroid diseases were diagnosed, the detection rate was 16.42%. There were seven thyroid diseases, including subclinical hypothyroidism (60.92%, 265/435), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (34.02%, 148/435), hypothyroidism (4.83%, 21/435), simple goiter (3.22%, 14/435), hyperthyroidism (2.53%, 11/435), subclinical hyperthyroidism (2.53%, 11/435), and thyroid cancer (1.84%, 8/435). The detection rates of thyroid diseases in urban and rural areas were 21.18% (295/1 393) and 11.14% (140/1 257), respectively. The detection rates of thyroid diseases in males and females were 11.42% (155/1 357) and 21.66% (280/1 293), respectively. The detection rates of thyroid diseases in 18-< 30, 30-< 40, 40-< 50, 50-< 60 and ≥60 years old were 13.46% (91/676), 14.81% (81/547), 15.42% (89/577), 20.94% (85/406) and 20.05% (89/444), respectively. There were statistically significant differences between different areas, gender and age groups (χ 2 = 48.54, 50.53, 14.68, P < 0.05). Conclusions:The detection rate of subclinical hypothyroidism in adults in urban and rural areas of Hebei Province is relatively high, followed by Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Attention should be paid to the screening, evaluation, and intervention of thyroid function among urban female populations.
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Objective:To investigate the current situation of spiritual care ability, occupational sadness, perceived hospital ethics of hospice nurses, and to analyze the impact of nurses' occupational sadness and perceived hospital ethics on nurses′ spiritual care ability.Methods:A total of 230 hospice nurses in Qingdao Eighth People′s Hospital, Qingdao Municipal Hospital and Qingdao Central Hospital (Qingdao Cancer Hospital) from March to June, 2021 were investigated by general information questionnaire, Spiritual Care Ability Scale, Sadness Experience Scale and Hospital Ethical Atmosphere Scale.Results:The scores of spiritual care ability, professional sadness and perceived hospital ethics of 230 hospice nurses were (70.59 ±13.35), (37.31 ±6.67) and (100.88 ±21.49) points, respectively. The results of regression analysis showed that receiving spiritual education ( β=0.26, P<0.05), professional sadness ( β=-0.08, P<0.05) and perceiving hospital ethical atmosphere ( β=0.63, P<0.05) entered the regression equation. Conclusions:The spiritual care ability of hospice nurses is at the medium level. Increasing spiritual education, taking measures to reduce occupational sadness and create a harmonious working atmosphere can improve the spiritual care ability of nurses to a certain extent and improve the quality of hospice care.
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Objective To investigate the effect of Huatan Qushi Huoxue prescription on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pyroptosis of RAW264.7 cells and its mechanism. Methods An in vitro cell model of LPS-induced activated RAW264.7 was established and divided into blank group, model group, high-, middle-, and low-dose Huatan Qushi Huoxue prescription groups, and control group. The corresponding drug-containing serum intervention was performed for 24 hours. A scanning electron microscope was used to observe cell morphology, and immunofluorescence assay was used to perform quantitative localization of GSDMD-N. Results The cells in the blank group were round and regular in shape with smooth surface, and those in the control group were swollen, with folds on the surface and gaps in the capsule, which were consistent with the morphology of cell pyroptosis. The cells in the control group had bubbles on the surface with obvious pseudopodia and pores in cell membrane, and those in the high-dose group were not swollen and had a rough surface with pseudopodia, with no obvious pores in cell membrane. The cells in the low- and middle-dose groups were swollen and had a rough surface of cell membrane with pores and pseudopodia. Immunofluorescence assay showed that compared with the blank group, the model group had a significant increase in the positive staining intensity of GSDMD-N, and compared with the model group, the control group and the Traditional Chinese medicine group had a reduction in the positive staining intensity of GSDMD-N. Conclusion Huatan Qushi Huoxue prescription can improve the pyroptosis of macrophages and reduce the expression of GSDMD-N.
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Objective To investigate the effect of Huatan Qushi Huoxue prescription on the ultrastructure of hepatocyte mitochondria in a rat model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Methods A total of 48 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, Yishanfu group, and Huatan Qushi Huoxue prescription group, with 12 rats in each group. The rats in the model group and the drug groups were administered and modeled since week 2; the rats in the blank group were given normal diet, and those in the other three groups were given high-fat diet. Based on dose conversion between human and animal, the equivalent dose of Huatan Qushi Huoxue prescription was 1.26 g/100 g body weight, and the equivalent dose of polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules (Yishanfu) was 0.014 18 g/100 g body weight. The rats in the model group were given 0.9% sodium chloride by gavage, those in the Yishanfu group were given polyene phosphatidylcholine suspension by gavage, and those in the traditional Chinese medicine group were given the granules of Huatan Qushi Huoxue prescription by gavage, once a day for 10 consecutive weeks. A transmission electron microscope was used to observe liver ultrastructure and perform a quantitative analysis. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups; for further pairwise comparison, the least significant difference t -test was used for data with homogeneity of variance, and the Dunnett's T3 was used for data with heterogeneity of variance. Results The model group had a large number of lipid droplets accumulated in hepatocytes, changes in mitochondrial morphology and structure, and reductions in the number of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. The Huatan Qushi Huoxue prescription group had a significant reduction in lipid droplets in hepatocytes and significant increases in the number of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum compared with the model group, with intact mitochondrial membrane and structure. The Yishanfu group had a reduction in lipid droplets in hepatocytes, an increase in the number of mitochondria, and a reduction in the number of endoplasmic reticulum, with relatively intact mitochondrial membrane and structure. The quantitative analysis showed that compared with the blank group, the model group had a significant increase in the area of lipid droplets and a significant reduction in mitochondria, with a significant difference in mitochondrial density between the two groups (all P < 0.01); after drug intervention, the Yishanfu group had a significant reduction in the area of lipid droplets and a significant increase in the number of mitochondria, with a significant difference in mitochondrial density between the Yishanfu group and the model group (all P < 0.01); compared with the Yishanfu group, the traditional Chinese medicine group had a significantly greater reduction in the area of lipid droplets and a significant increase in the number of mitochondria, with a significant difference in mitochondrial density between the two groups (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Huatan Qushi Huoxue prescription can improve lipid accumulation, increase mitochondrial density, and protect mitochondrial structure and function, with a better clinical effect than Yishanfu.
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OBJECTIVE To establish the fingerprint of Huatan qushi huoxue decoction （HQHD），and to explore the effects of processing and decoction methods on its components. METHODS Using salvianolic acid B as reference ，HPLC fingerprints of 10 batches of single and mixed decoction of crude drugs ，single and mixed decoction of processed products （original formula referred to 8 ingredients were crude drugs ；processed formula referred to processed products of Alisma orientale ，Salvia miltiorrhiza ， Curcumae Radix and Bupleuri Radix ，and crude drugs of other ingredients ；single decoction referred to the mixing of each ingredient after being decocted separately ；mixed decoction refers to decocting after mixing all ingredients ）were stablished by Similarity Evaluation System of Chromatographic Fingerprints of Traditional Chinese Medicine （2012 edition）. The similarity evaluation，common peak identification and attribution ，chemical pattern recognition analysis were also carried out. RESULTS There were 37 common peaks in each fingerprint of 10 batches of single and mixed decoction of crude drugs ，single and mixed decoction of processed ，the similarities with control fingerprint were higher than or close to 0.950. Nine common peaks were identified，i.e. rutin （peak 12），hesperidin（peak 13），salvianolic acid B （peak 16），quercetin（peak 20），silybin（peak 22）， luteolin（peak 23），autrantio-obtusin（peak 29），23-acetylalismol C （peak 34），saikosaponin b 2（peak 35）；decoction pieces of 8 ingredients all contributed to the fingerprints of HQHD. Principal component analysis （PCA）showed that the 4 kinds of HQHD samples were grouped into one category ，respectively. The clustering result of partial least squares-discriminant analysis was consistent with that of PCA. Corresponding components of peak 1，15，17，18 and 36，salvianolic acid B and luteolin m ay be the differential markers of the quality for mixed decoction samples of crude drugs and processed products ； corresponding components of peak 1，7，17-19，salvianolic acid B and hesperidin may be the differential markers of the quality for single decoction samples of crude drugs and processed products；corresponding components of peak 1，17-19，36， salvianolic acid B and luteolin may be the differential markers of the quality for single decoction and mixed decoction samples of crude drugs ；corresponding components of peak 7，17-19，21， hesperidin，salvianolic acid B ，rutin，luteolin and autrantio-obtusin may be the differential markers of the quality for single decoction and mixed decoction samples of processed products. CONCLUSIONS The established fingerprint of HQHD is stable and reliable. The quality differential components of different decoction samples are luteolin ，hesperidin，etc. The quality differential components of samples processed or not are rutin ，hesperidin，autrantio-obtusin，etc.
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Ferroptosis is a type of iron-dependent cell death driven by lipid peroxidation, and its mechanism is associated with iron homeostasis imbalance, lipid peroxidation, and slC7A11-GSH-GPX4 antioxidant system. Ferroptosis plays a key role in the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and inhibition of ferroptosis can almost completely inhibit the development of NASH. This article reviews the research advances in the mechanism of ferroptosis and its role in NAFLD/NASH and proposes the research strategies and technical means for ferroptosis, so as to provide a reference for research on the mechanism of NAFLD/NASH.
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Objective:To explore the effects of general anesthesia and combined spinal and epidural anesthesia on inflammatory factors and pain in patients with osteoarthritis after total knee arthroplasty.Methods:A total of 84 patients with osteoarthritis who underwent unilateral total knee arthroplasty in Hulunbuir People's Hospital from January 2020 to May 2021 were selected as the research subjects. They were randomly divided into general anesthesia group (40 cases) and combined spinal and epidural anesthesia group (44 cases). Venous blood samples of 5 ml were collected before operation and 6, 24, 48 hours after operation, and the contents of inflammatory factors [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6] in serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The visual analogue pain scale (VAS) of the two groups at 30 min, 6, 24 and 48 hours after operation was compared.Results:At 6 and 24 hours after operation, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels in the combined spinal and epidural anesthesia group were lower than those in the general anesthesia group ( t = 4.17, 3.85, 8.95, 10.98, 10.04, 9.87, P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 at different time points between the general anesthesia group and combined spinal and epidural anesthesia group ( F = 271.67, 149.26, 81.70, 189.36, 102.44, 157.32, P < 0.001). At 6 and 24 hours after operation, the VAS scores of patients in the combined spinal and epidural anesthesia group were significantly lower than those in the general anesthesia group ( t = 6.60, 3.66, P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in VSA scores between the two groups at different time points ( F = 67.47, 52.37, P < 0.05). Conclusion:The effect of combined spinal and epidural anesthesia is significantly higher than general anesthesia in inhibiting the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in patients with osteoarthritis after operation, and the effect of analgesia is obvious.
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MicroRNA(miRNA) affect various biological processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis by inhibiting the translation of target genes after transcription and are widely involved in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses in organisms. Autoimmune liver diseases are a group of chronic inflammatory diseases of the hepatobiliary system mediated by abnormal immunity, and abnormal immune inflammatory response of liver tissue with the involvement of miRNA is closely associated with the development and progression of autoimmune liver diseases. This article reviews the current research advances in miRNA in autoimmune liver diseases.
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Background@#Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is the most common thyroid dysfunction, and its relationship with blood pressure (BP) has been controversial. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between SCH and newly-diagnosed hypertension. @*Methods@#Based on data from the Thyroid disease, Iodine nutrition and Diabetes Epidemiology (TIDE) study, 49,433 euthyroid individuals and 7,719 SCH patients aged ≥18 years were enrolled. Patients with a history of hypertension or thyroid disease were excluded. SCH was determined by manufacturer reference range. Overall hypertension and stage 1 and 2 hypertension were diagnosed according to the guidelines issued by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association in 2017. @*Results@#The prevalence of overall hypertension (48.7%), including stage 1 (28.9%) and 2 (19.8%) hypertension, increased significantly in SCH patients compared with euthyroid subjects. With elevated serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level, the hypertension prevalence also increased significantly from the euthyroid to different SCH subgroups, which was more profound in females or subjects aged <65 years. The age- and sex-specific regression analysis further demonstrated the same trends in the general population and in the 1:1 propensity matched population. Similarly, several BP components (i.e., systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial BP) were positively associated with TSH elevation, and regression analysis also confirmed that all BP components were closely related with SCH in female subjects aged <65 years. @*Conclusion@#The prevalence of hypertension increases for patients with SCH. SCH tends to be associated with hypertension and BP components in females younger than 65 years.
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Dysglycemia is independently associated with the mortality of critically ill patients. Therefore, the management of blood glucose plays an important role in comprehensive therapy. It is suggested that the same target value of blood glucose (7.8-10.0 mmol/L) should not be set for all critically ill patients. Instead, it should be individually set based on the causes of the patient's admission and the status of blood glucose before admission. For this reason, there is an urgent need for a convenient protocol and method to regulate the dosage of insulin. The first hospital of Jiaxing, collaborating with information engineers, developed a modified eProtocol-insulin for domestic population with mathematical modeling and developed an Application Software (APP), which is convenient for clinical use. This is the first eProtocol-insulin and smart device APP for critically ill patients in China.
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Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is currently one of the most important liver diseases worldwide, and its incidence rate is increasing year by year. This article summarizes the current research status of medical treatment of MAFLD, including lifestyle changes and individualized drug treatment. Lifestyle changes include diet management, exercise intervention, biological clock adjustment, and psychological intervention, and individualized drug treatment includes insulin sensitizer, vitamin E, weight-loss and lipid-lowering drugs, liver-protecting and transaminase-lowering drugs, and traditional Chinese medicine treatment. At the same time, multidisciplinary treatment is the trend of clinical treatment of MAFLD.
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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the leading cause of abnormal liver biochemical parameters, but the mechanism of its development and progression remains unclear and there is a lack of effective treatment methods. This article reviews that lipotoxicity drives the transformation of NAFLD to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver cirrhosis by triggering the three pathological responses in the liver, i.e., endoplasmic reticulum stress, cell death, and inflammation. It is believed that lipotoxicity is an important factor that promotes the progression of NAFLD to inflammation and fibrosis, which provides a new method for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
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Background@#Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is the most common thyroid dysfunction, and its relationship with blood pressure (BP) has been controversial. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between SCH and newly-diagnosed hypertension. @*Methods@#Based on data from the Thyroid disease, Iodine nutrition and Diabetes Epidemiology (TIDE) study, 49,433 euthyroid individuals and 7,719 SCH patients aged ≥18 years were enrolled. Patients with a history of hypertension or thyroid disease were excluded. SCH was determined by manufacturer reference range. Overall hypertension and stage 1 and 2 hypertension were diagnosed according to the guidelines issued by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association in 2017. @*Results@#The prevalence of overall hypertension (48.7%), including stage 1 (28.9%) and 2 (19.8%) hypertension, increased significantly in SCH patients compared with euthyroid subjects. With elevated serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level, the hypertension prevalence also increased significantly from the euthyroid to different SCH subgroups, which was more profound in females or subjects aged <65 years. The age- and sex-specific regression analysis further demonstrated the same trends in the general population and in the 1:1 propensity matched population. Similarly, several BP components (i.e., systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial BP) were positively associated with TSH elevation, and regression analysis also confirmed that all BP components were closely related with SCH in female subjects aged <65 years. @*Conclusion@#The prevalence of hypertension increases for patients with SCH. SCH tends to be associated with hypertension and BP components in females younger than 65 years.
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Objective@#To observe the anesthesia and hemodynamic effect of etomidate compound remifentanyl in laparoscopic surgery.@*Methods@#From January 2016 to May 2016, 160 patients with gynecologic laparoscopic surgery in the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group according to the digital table, with 80 cases in each group.The observation group received the etomidate compound remifentanyl anesthesia, while the control group received the propofol compound remifentanyl anesthesia.the The anesthesia effect, awakening time, extubation time, pain relief time and systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR) before and after extubation of the two groups were observed and recorded.@*Results@#The excellent and good rate in the observation group was 98.0%, which was significantly higher than 86.0% in the control group (χ2=4.444, P<0.05). The waking time, extubation time, analgesic time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group, the differences were no statistically significant(t=1.875, 1.631, 1.761, all P>0.05). At tracheal intubation, the SBP, DBP, HR and other indicators between the two groups had no statistically significant differences(t=1.301, 1.093, 1.097, all P>0.05). After induction of anesthesia, the SBP, DBP in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant(t=6.182, 7.388, all P<0.05), but HR between the two groups had no statistically significant difference(t=1.428, P>0.05). After laparoscopic placement and tracheal extubation, the SBP and DBP in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (t=5.781, 5.028, all P<0.05), and the SBP in the observation group was higher than that in the control group after tracheal extubation(t=1.203, 1.039, all P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The anesthesia effect of etomidate compound remifentanyl is superior to propofol compound remifentanyl, the hemodynamic parameters of SBP, DBP, HR are more stable during the period of anesthesia, the curative effect is clear.
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Objective To observe the anesthesia and hemodynamic effect of etomidate compound remifentanyl in laparoscopic surgery.Methods From January 2016 to May 2016,160 patients with gynecologic laparoscopic surgery in the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were selected and randomly divided into observation group and controlgroup according to the digital table,with 80 cases in each group.The observation group received the etomidate compound remifentanyl anesthesia,while the control group received the propofol compound remifentanyl anesthesia .the The anesthesia effect,awakening time,extubation time,pain relief time and systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),heart rate (HR) before and after extubation of the two groups were observed and recorded .Results The excellent and good rate in the observation group was 98.0％,which was significantly higher than 86.0％in the control group (χ2 =4.444,P<0.05).The waking time,extubation time,analgesic time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group,the differences were no statistically significant (t =1.875,1.631,1.761,all P>0.05).At tracheal intubation,the SBP,DBP,HR and other indicators between the two groups had no statistically significant differences(t=1.301,1.093,1.097,all P>0.05).After induction of anesthesia,the SBP,DBP in the observation group were higher than those in the control group ,the differences were statistically significant (t=6.182,7.388,all P<0.05),but HR between the two groups had no statistically significant difference(t=1.428,P>0.05).After laparoscopic placement and tracheal extubation,the SBP and DBP in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t=5.781,5.028,all P<0.05),and the SBP in the observation group was higher than that in the control group after tracheal extubation (t=1.203,1.039,all P<0.05).Conclusion The anesthesia effect of etomidate compound remifentanyl is superior to propofol compound remifentanyl ,the hemodynamic parameters of SBP ,DBP,HR are more stable during the period of anesthesia ,the curative effect is clear .
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Objective To analyze the correlation between function of liver and kidney and blood lipid inde-xes and the prognosis of acute cerebral infarction.Methods 100 patients with acute cerebral infarction were selected.Serum levels of uric acid (UA),serum creatinine (Scr),serum triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),and blood calcium (Ca2+).Fasting blood glucose (FPG),fibrinogen (FIB),D two polymer (D-D),serum homocysteine (Hcy),total bilirubin(TBIL),direct bilirubin (DBIL),and indirect bilirubin (IBIL)UA,Scr,TG,TC,LDL-C, HDL-C,Ca2+,FPG,FIB,D-D,Hcy,TBIL,DBIL and IBIL were measured in all the patients the next morning after admission.According to the CSS score,the patients were divided into mild group (0 -15 points,35 ca-ses),medium group (16~30 pointsminutes,34 cases),heavy group 3(31~45 pointsminutes,31 cases).The NIHSS score difference betweenin the scores of the two patients at admission and three months after the onset of the disease was calculated.The patients were divided into the improved group(score difference >0 points, 58 cases),no change group (score difference = 0,36 cases) aAnd worsening group(score difference < 0 point,6 cases).The levels of serum UA,Scr,TG,TC,LDL-C,HDL-C,Ca2+,FPG,FIB,D-D,Hcy,TBIL, DBIL,IBILof different severity and different prognosis of patients were compared and the relevance were ana-lyzed.Results The levels of UA,Hcy,FIB,DD and,LDL-C were the highest in the heavy group and the low-est in the light group.The levels of Ca2+,TBIL,DBIL and IBIL were the lowest in the heavy group,and the highest in the light group.The differences of above indexes between the three groups were statistically signifi-cant (P<0.05).There were positive correlations between the severity of the disease with serum levels of UA, Hcy,FIB,D-D and LDL-C (P<0.05),and a negatively correlations with serum levels of Ca2+,TBIL,DBIL and IBIL (P<0.05).The levels of UA,Hcy,and LDL-C were the highest in the worsening group and the low-est in the improved group,the levels of TBIL,DBIL and IBIL were the lowest in the worsening group and the highest in the improved group.The differences between the three groups were statistically significant (P<0. 05).The prognosis was positively correlated with serum levels of UA,Hcy and LDL-C (P<0.05),and nega-tively correlated with serum levels of TBIL,DBIL and IBIL(P<0.05).Conclusion The serum levels of UA, Hcy,FIB,D-D,LDL-C,Ca2+,TBIL,DBIL and IBIL were significantly correlated with the severity of acute cer-ebral infarction.The serum levels of UA,Hcy,LDL-C,TBIL,DBIL and IBIL were also correlated with pro-longed prognosis.
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It is reported that zymogen granule membrane glycoprotein 2 (GP2 )and CUB and zona pellucida-like domain-containing protein 1 (CUZD1 )are the major autoantigens of autoantibodies against exocrine pancreas (PAB).GP2 is mainly expressed in the pancreatic acinar cell and M cells in small intestine follicle-associated epithelium,and CUZD1 is mainly expressed in uterus,ovary and pancreatic acinar cell.PAB is a relatively specific antibody for Crohn's disease (CD).The article reviewed the progress in study on autoantigens of PAB in CD.
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Objective To analyze medication rules of TCM treatment for primary hepatic carcinoma in recent ten years;To provide references for clinical medication. Methods Literature about primary hepatic carcinoma in CNKI, VIP and Wanfang database from January 2005 to September 2015 was searched by computers to carry out statistical analysis of medicine classification and frequency of usage. Results Through screening, 131 articles were included, covering 131 compound TCM prescriptions, 228 kinds of medicine, and 1416 times of frequency of usage. Medicines with relatively high frequency were tonifying deficiency medicine 430 times (30.37%), damp-clearing medicine 233 times (16.45%), medicine for invigorating blood circulation and eliminating stasis (12.99%). Medicines with relatively high frequency were Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma 64 times (4.52%), Poria 62 times (4.38%), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma 52 times (3.67%), Bupleuri Radix 49 times (3.46%), Paeoniae Radix Alba 45 times (3.18%), Astragali Radix 44 times (3.22%), Curcumae Rhizoma 43 times (3.04%), and Artemisiae Scopariae Herba 41 times (2.90%). Conclusion This study summarizes the medicine classification and frequency of usage of TCM treatment for primary hepatic carcinoma in recent ten years, which can provide data support for clinical treatment.
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Autophagy,an intracellular d egradative pathway,mediates the degradation of long-lived proteins and some cellular organelles and thus plays crucial physiological role in the maintenance of neuronal homeostatsis. The intracellular and extracellular accumulation of protein aggregates is a common pathological alternation in various neurodegenerative disorders. The long and thin axons and dendrites (or collectively “neurites”) are particularly vulnerable to the accumulation of protein aggregates and damaged cellular organelles. Synaptic damage,axonal terminal degeneration,and neuritic atrophy are frequently found in the early stage of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, efficient clearance of protein aggregates and damaged cellular organelles by autophagic pathway may suppress neuritic degeneration. However, it is also demonstrated that insufficient autophagy or excessive autophagic activation contributes to neuritic injury. Here,the recent advances in the study of neuritic autophagy have been reviewed. We firstly introduce the biogenesis and transport of autophagosomes in neurites. Secondly,the regulatory role of autophagy in neuritic growth and damage is reviewed. Finally,the association between autophagy and neurodegenerative diseases is discussed.